Colonial American History

1 . untested Eng primer puritanism - its readys , character , and consequencesThe ghostly safari know as puritanism , a break-dance of English Protestantism , was fountain every(prenominal) toldy molded by the English herit sequence of liberty have with ideas of the leadership of the Re physical composition on the atomic number 63an continent . In concomitant , the components of the prude move custodyt viewed the States as the Land Promised to the Saints . The sixteenth and 17th one C English prude Reformers extremityed to a greater extent than visible evidence of the gross(a) and invisible Christian perform service building . They believed that the church building building of Eng flat coat made Christianity too simple by considering tout ensemble persons baptized in the church to be part of it . intimatel y Puritans went so far as to attack the foreign adornments of the Catholic Church as non needed in lawful Christian life . They believed that simple talking and sacraments would ensue in pure Christian living . Their meetinghouses were wooden structures with break a steeple . Men and women sat on backless benches on state sides of the churchSome members of the Church of Eng overturn accepted the less extreme Puritan teachings , since some a simplified Catholicism that emphasized god fudge s truths . yet , once the Puritan movement began , it became more than a movement against symbolism . Its members wanted to purify the church and their receive put outs . Purified persons were those who unbroken the Ten Commandments and lived a safe and honorable life . The Puritans became a very lite charge per unit of measurement and intelligent movement , with many a(prenominal) believers analyze the teachings of the primal Christian fathers and of the with child(p) ref ormer , John Calvin . The Puritans move th! eir movement by insistence on an open and human race declaration of the adjust religion . Some believed they could work inside the Church of England . Others did not and split with the Church of England to form their own body . some moved to Amsterdam to escape religious persecutionOne group plungeed Plymouth closure in New England . Other settlers went to the mummy talk colony in 1628 , with John Winthrop as their leader . This group believed that England and atomic number 63 were to suffer a heavy squander and judgment from sculptural image . These Separating Puritans were creasealists in church government . Puritanism was potently ameliorate and Calvinistic (Presbyterian , victimization government by elders as their grow . The local groups in the the Statess to be local and case-by-case . all(prenominal) congregation was autonomous and elected its own elders or leaders . Church and state were partners in their mixed majority regularisation from which women were excluded . The rulers were selected from a circle of men who carried out god s laws as interpreted by the Bible and their own male ministersEarly Puritan colonies had different ideas of the goals of their the Statesn experiment . Originally , they were all transfigure that God led them to America to be try and tried and true and to become a New Israel dwelling in a urban centre of attention on a Hill , meant to process as a model for all the world to touch . independence of religion was their secondary issue . The first was to live as a nation under God s way and augur . The Congregationals among them believed that a church of visible saints required uttermost withstand of a person s life . This belief causes the momma Bay Puritans to add the test of saving faith to those already open up (iconoclasm , honourableity , and profession of faith They worked out a care for by which an soul s saving faith could be witnessed - a narrative recited forward the church company , subject to cover up e! xamination . Only those men who passed this test became the visible saintsThe Congregationalist section of Puritanism became the main Christian appointment in New England as it progressed from the more unique beliefs of the original Puritans in England and in the American colonies , i .e . the City on the Hill model and the fourth test of individual salvation . Some Puritan traditions , as continued by Congregationalism , were important in the formation of America . Harvard and Yale were founded by Congregationalists . storied New England families (Dams , Beecher , Bushnell , Abbott , and James ) have on shared out Congregationalist ideas and values with America . Typical Puritan-American principles were include in the mayflower Compact and in John Winthrop s beat of Christian liberality . Its ideas are in the Declaration of exemption , the Constitution , and books of several presidentsBy the end of the 17th Century , Congregationalism was an American denominat ion promoting distinctly American ideas . America was land promised to the saints . The notion of a covenanted people living in the promised land was not shared by all immigrants . The great great deal became bound , but Congregational beliefs still were attractive to many Americans . Congregationalism succeeded in spreading its vision of a New Israel of God into the American way of thinking and action . This is the origin of the supposition of America as the nation with the soul of a church , a nation with a chosen , and a worshipful guardianship in the world PAGEPAGE 7American History Assignment Page2 . mavin able movements in the Anglo-American colonies in the eighteenth century : the great wake and the skillThe big(p) AwakeningThe dandy Awakening is usually delimitate as a concurrence of spontaneous Christian revivals that took luff in compound America during the first half of the eighteenth Century . Reich sees the cause as based in the profit of religio us denominations and exasperate of formal church mem! bership .. The American colonists became increasingly disjunct geographically and did not like the unrelenting admission requirements of the animate churches . Ministers sought to fill their spiritual and horny needs to bring the colonists back to church with their bodies and their money . Clergymen began to recommend emotional sermons well-nigh personal reform , public penitence , and performance of unassailable deedsSome preachers were and remain famous . The brilliant Congregationalist preacher , Jonathan Edwards , in Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God described the plenty of unrepentant sinners very graphically , intending to shake up his congregation members into repentance and joining the kingdom of heaven . He preached impregnable Reformation doctrines of the Gospel as St . Augustine , Luther , and Calvin presented it . His people had to correspond that they were confirm by God s grace alone and that their lot was persistent by God alone . This realiza tion fitly terrorized his church members . Their transformations were evidenced by weeping , emotional split up , trance , and re rawed attention to the disciplines of the spiritual life . Theodore J . Frelinghuysen confronted the Dutch Reformed in New Jersey with the inspiration of their spiritual responsibilities . William Tennent and his sons preached to the Presbyterians in Pennsylvania and New Jersey , employ methods and ideas that were to become fundamental to American revivalism . Tennent also said that name comes from the soul of a converted speaker . The people must(prenominal) go wherever such preaching may be found .

The converted preacher was fre! e to move about and preach as led by the call of God This new form of religious function became the itinerant preacherReich believes that the functionary ascendent of the Great Awakening was when George Whitefield , a circuit equitation American evangelist , came from America and reached his way up and deplete the Atlantic Coast from 1739 to 1941 . His large audiences wanted to know , What must I do to be saved Whitefield made heptad trips to America and preached more than 18 ,000 sermons . Francis Asbury , a Methodist change of hole evangelist preaching human perfectibility and possible salvation for all , spread Methodist teachings rapidly as he travelled 270 ,000 miles , preached 16 ,000 times , and enrolled 200 ,000 members in the Methodist ChurchThe Great Awakening influenced colonial society and increased religious license and denominations . Colleges were founded to train ministers Since the preachers emphasized that all people were equal out front God reform m ovements began to improve orphanages and insisted on more humanist treatment of Native Americans and African American slavesThe discernmentWhile the American colonies were populace founded , European and English scientists were establishing modern ideas of physics , astronomy chemistry , and mathematics . Newton s opinion of God , basic to ideas of the insight , was that a benevolent God created the universe and laid downcast the unchangeable laws that governed it . Therefore , people could use their own moral and ethical reasoning to live in conformity with ingrained laws , ultimately reaching perfection . The American Revolution and decorate was a perfect laboratory for the American followers of the judiciousness . gum benzoin Franklin , with his logical wisdom and air of successful legal injury , was the example of this new humanity George uppercase became its heroSince America had no feudalism and there was plenty of land to go rough , the colonies were a n ideal laboratory for the ideas of the Enlightenment! . famous American scientists include Thomas Hariot astronomer and mathematician and a member of the first Roanoke colony Dr . Lawrence Bohum , who studied herbs and therapeutic plants in early Jamestown and Dr . John Winthrop , Jr , who trade a telescope and discovered Jupiter s ordinal Moon . Benjamin Franklin , combining research with inventions , invented the lightning rod , central glasses , and the Franklin mountain range . His research on electrical energy was translated into French German , and Italian . The Library Company of Philadelphia , which he organized , had the largest collection of scientific books in the coloniesMedical treatment in general began to improve , as more Americans went to Europe to deliberate medicine . When the first American hospital opened in Philadelphia , it had half the mortality rate of similar European hospitals . dodge was slower to develop in the Americas . There were noted portraiture painters . Craftsmen were in great enqui re . Huguenot silversmiths made Philadelphia another center of colonial silver fashioning Furniture makers created unique piece of furniture that did not copy European styles . While the colonists did not reach the desired golden age of the Enlightenment , they had freedom to talk themselves and pursue occupations not other available to them in Europe REFERENCESNoAll of the material in this is intermixed and from the next two sourcesReich , Jerome R . compound America - 5th Ed . New Jersey , learner Hall 2001(References pages 209-222Wentz , Richard E . The pliant of Religious Traditions in the linked States . Minneapolis , Augsburg Fortress , 1990 (Reference pages 63-75 [Puritans] ps . 165-183 [Great Awakening] ...If you want to get a adept essay, order it on our website: BestEssayCheap.com

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